---
title: "NGC 3109"
url: "https://spacecatalog.org/object/ngc-3109"
release: "DR1"
licence: "CC-BY-SA-4.0"
citation: "SpaceCatalog. NGC 3109 [catalogue entry]. Data release DR1 (2026-08-21). https://spacecatalog.org/object/ngc-3109"
---

# NGC 3109

NGC 3109 is a barred spiral [galaxy](https://spacecatalog.org/galaxies) SBm in the constellation [Hydra](https://spacecatalog.org/constellation/hydra), shining at apparent magnitude 10.54 (V). Other catalogues list it as 2MASX J10030687-2609344, ESO 499-036 and ESO 499-36, among 9 designations in total. It was discovered in 1835.

## At a glance

- **WHAT IT IS:** Barred spiral galaxy
- **HOW BIG ON THE SKY:** 16.0′ — About 0.5 of the full Moon's width.
- **HOW BRIGHT (V):** 10.54 — A small telescope reaches it.
- **WHERE TO LOOK:** [Hydra](https://spacecatalog.org/constellation/hydra) — The patch of sky it sits in, as seen from Earth.

## Properties

| Quantity | Value |
| --- | --- |
| CLASS | Barred spiral galaxy SBm |
| APPARENT MAGNITUDE (V) | 10.54 |
| CONSTELLATION | Hydra |
| RIGHT ASCENSION (J2000) | 10h 03m 06.9s |
| DECLINATION (J2000) | −26° 09′ 34.5″ |
| DISCOVERED | 1835 |

## Catalogue data

### WHAT KIND OF THING IT IS

What the object is in itself, rather than how it happens to look from here.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Hubble type | SBm |

### HOW BRIGHT IT IS

What the light adds up to, measured through one filter at a time. A magnitude is a brightness on a backwards scale — the smaller the number, the brighter the object.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Apparent magnitude (B) | 10.39 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 10.54 |
| Apparent magnitude (J) | 9.91 |
| Apparent magnitude (H band) | 9.66 |
| Apparent magnitude (K) | 9.28 |
| Surface brightness | 23.59 mag/arcsec² |

### WHERE IT IS AND HOW IT MOVES

Position, motion across the sky and the size it covers on it. These are measurements of the object as seen from here, so every one of them depends on where here is.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Radial velocity | 403 km/s |
| Redshift (z) | 0.001345 |
| Redshift (z, CMB frame) | 0.00246242 |
| Major axis | 16′ |
| Minor axis | 2.74′ |
| Position angle | 93° |

### WHEN IT WAS FOUND

Who first saw it, from where, and by what method.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Discovered by | John Frederick William Herschel |

### OTHER NAMES AND NUMBERS

The identifiers other catalogues file this object under, for anyone joining this data to theirs.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| OpenNGC type code | G |
| Wikidata item | Q489940 |
| Wikipedia article | NGC 3109 |

## Also known as

- 2MASX: 2MASX J10030687-2609344
- ESO: ESO 499-036
- ESO: ESO 499-36
- ESO-LV: ESO-LV 499-0360
- LEDA: LEDA 29128
- MCG: MCG -04-24-013
- NGC: NGC 3109
- PGC: PGC 29128
- UGCA: UGCA 194

## Source

[OpenNGC](https://github.com/mattiaverga/OpenNGC) — CC-BY-SA-4.0

The producer asks: OpenNGC, Mattia Verga (github.com/mattiaverga/OpenNGC). Fields derived from it stay under CC BY-SA 4.0.

How this was made: https://spacecatalog.org/methods#source-openngc

## Cite this page

SpaceCatalog. NGC 3109 \[catalogue entry\]. Data release DR1 (2026-08-21). https://spacecatalog.org/object/ngc-3109

```bibtex
@misc{spacecatalog_ngc-3109,
  author       = {{SpaceCatalog}},
  title        = {{NGC 3109}},
  howpublished = {SpaceCatalog, data release DR1 (2026-08-21)},
  year         = {2026},
  url          = {https://spacecatalog.org/object/ngc-3109},
  note         = {Catalogue entry, data release DR1 (2026-08-21). Values from OpenNGC.}
}
```

OpenNGC — CC-BY-SA-4.0

Acknowledgement the producer asks for: OpenNGC, Mattia Verga (github.com/mattiaverga/OpenNGC). Fields derived from it stay under CC BY-SA 4.0.

The page itself, with its pictures, the sky map and the observing tools: https://spacecatalog.org/object/ngc-3109